Android編程開發之打開文件的Intent及使用方法

本文實例講述了Android編程開發之打開文件的Intent及使用方法。分享給大家供大家參考，具體如下：

在寫文件管理系統時會用到各種打開不同格式的文件的需求，由於Android系統默認內置了一些可以打開的系統應用，但還是不能滿足需求，比如打開視頻文件、word等，需要安裝相應的播放軟件才可以使用，這時程序會通過Intent查找可以使用的軟件實現通過代碼打開一個文件需要2部分，一部分是要獲取到不同文件的後綴，以便根據需求匹配相應的Intent，另一個就是不同格式的文件打開的Intent不同

1、在values目錄下定義後綴數組文件fileendings

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<resources> 
<array name="fileEndingImage"> 
<item>.png</item> 
<item>.gif</item> 
<item>.jpg</item> 
<item>.jpeg</item> 
<item>.bmp</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingAudio"> 
<item>.mp3</item> 
<item>.wav</item> 
<item>.ogg</item> 
<item>.midi</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingVideo"> 
<item>.mp4</item> 
<item>.rmvb</item> 
<item>.avi</item> 
<item>.flv</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingPackage"> 
<item>.jar</item> 
<item>.zip</item> 
<item>.rar</item> 
<item>.gz</item> 
<item>.apk</item> 
<item>.img</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingWebText"> 
<item>.htm</item> 
<item>.html</item> 
<item>.php</item> 
<item>.jsp</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingText"> 
<item>.txt</item> 
<item>.java</item> 
<item>.c</item> 
<item>.cpp</item> 
<item>.py</item> 
<item>.xml</item> 
<item>.json</item> 
<item>.log</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingWord"> 
<item>.doc</item> 
<item>.docx</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingExcel"> 
<item>.xls</item> 
<item>.xlsx</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingPPT"> 
<item>.ppt</item> 
<item>.pptx</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingPdf"> 
<item>.p<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<resources> 
<array name="fileEndingImage"> 
<item>.png</item> 
<item>.gif</item> 
<item>.jpg</item> 
<item>.jpeg</item> 
<item>.bmp</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingAudio"> 
<item>.mp3</item> 
<item>.wav</item> 
<item>.ogg</item> 
<item>.midi</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingVideo"> 
<item>.mp4</item> 
<item>.rmvb</item> 
<item>.avi</item> 
<item>.flv</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingPackage"> 
<item>.jar</item> 
<item>.zip</item> 
<item>.rar</item> 
<item>.gz</item> 
<item>.apk</item> 
<item>.img</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingWebText"> 
<item>.htm</item> 
<item>.html</item> 
<item>.php</item> 
<item>.jsp</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingText"> 
<item>.txt</item> 
<item>.java</item> 
<item>.c</item> 
<item>.cpp</item> 
<item>.py</item> 
<item>.xml</item> 
<item>.json</item> 
<item>.log</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingWord"> 
<item>.doc</item> 
<item>.docx</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingExcel"> 
<item>.xls</item> 
<item>.xlsx</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingPPT"> 
<item>.ppt</item> 
<item>.pptx</item> 
</array> 
<array name="fileEndingPdf"> 
<item>.pdf</item> 
</array> 
</resources>df</item> 
</array> 
</resources>

2、定義OpenFiles工具類，只需傳輸File參數即可，然後通過返回的Intent打開文件

public class OpenFiles { 
//android獲取一個用於打開HTML文件的intent 
public static Intent getHtmlFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Uri uri = Uri.parse(file.toString()).buildUpon().encodedAuthority("com.android.htmlfileprovider").scheme("content").encodedPath(file.toString()).build(); 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "text/html"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個用於打開圖片文件的intent 
public static Intent getImageFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個用於打開PDF文件的intent 
public static Intent getPdfFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/pdf"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個用於打開文本文件的intent 
public static Intent getTextFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "text/plain"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個用於打開音頻文件的intent 
public static Intent getAudioFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP); 
intent.putExtra("oneshot", 0); 
intent.putExtra("configchange", 0); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "audio/*"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個用於打開視頻文件的intent 
public static Intent getVideoFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP); 
intent.putExtra("oneshot", 0); 
intent.putExtra("configchange", 0); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "video/*"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個用於打開CHM文件的intent 
public static Intent getChmFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/x-chm"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個用於打開Word文件的intent 
public static Intent getWordFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/msword"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個用於打開Excel文件的intent 
public static Intent getExcelFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/vnd.ms-excel"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個用於打開PPT文件的intent 
public static Intent getPPTFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW"); 
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT"); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file); 
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"); 
return intent; 
} 
//android獲取一個用於打開apk文件的intent 
public static Intent getApkFileIntent(File file) 
{ 
Intent intent = new Intent(); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
intent.setAction(android.content.Intent.ACTION_VIEW); 
intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file), "application/vnd.android.package-archive"); 
return intent; 
} 
}

3、定義用於檢查要打開的文件的後綴是否在遍歷後綴數組中

private boolean checkEndsWithInStringArray(String checkItsEnd, 
String[] fileEndings){ 
for(String aEnd : fileEndings){ 
if(checkItsEnd.endsWith(aEnd)) 
return true; 
} 
return false; 
}

4、通過調用OpenFiles類返回的Intent，打開相應的文件

if(currentPath!=null&¤tPath.isFile()) 
{ 
String fileName = currentPath.toString(); 
Intent intent; 
if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingImage))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getImageFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingWebText))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getHtmlFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingPackage))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getApkFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingAudio))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getAudioFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingVideo))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getVideoFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingText))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getTextFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingPdf))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getPdfFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingWord))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getWordFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingExcel))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getExcelFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else if(checkEndsWithInStringArray(fileName, getResources(). 
getStringArray(R.array.fileEndingPPT))){ 
intent = OpenFiles.getPPTFileIntent(currentPath); 
startActivity(intent); 
}else 
{ 
showMessage("無法打開，請安裝相應的軟件！"); 
} 
}else 
{ 
showMessage("對不起，這不是文件！"); 
} 

希望本文所述對大家Android程序設計有所幫助。