Android實現上傳文件到服務器實例詳解

本實例實現每隔5秒上傳一次，通過服務器端獲取手機上傳過來的文件信息並做相應處理；采用Android+Struts2技術。

一、Android端實現文件上傳
1)、新建一個Android項目命名為androidUpload，目錄結構如下：

2)、新建FormFile類，用來封裝文件信息

package com.ljq.utils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.InputStream;

/**
 * 上傳文件
 */
public class FormFile {
  /* 上傳文件的數據 */
  private byte[] data;
  private InputStream inStream;
  private File file;
  /* 文件名稱 */
  private String filname;
  /* 請求參數名稱*/
  private String parameterName;
  /* 內容類型 */
  private String contentType = "application/octet-stream";
  
  public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType) {
    this.data = data;
    this.filname = filname;
    this.parameterName = parameterName;
    if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
  }
  
  public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType) {
    this.filname = filname;
    this.parameterName = parameterName;
    this.file = file;
    try {
      this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file);
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
  }
  
  public File getFile() {
    return file;
  }

  public InputStream getInStream() {
    return inStream;
  }

  public byte[] getData() {
    return data;
  }

  public String getFilname() {
    return filname;
  }

  public void setFilname(String filname) {
    this.filname = filname;
  }

  public String getParameterName() {
    return parameterName;
  }

  public void setParameterName(String parameterName) {
    this.parameterName = parameterName;
  }

  public String getContentType() {
    return contentType;
  }

  public void setContentType(String contentType) {
    this.contentType = contentType;
  }
  
}

3）、新建SocketHttpRequester類，封裝上傳文件到服務器代碼

package com.ljq.utils;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 上傳文件到服務器
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class SocketHttpRequester {
  /**
   * 直接通過HTTP協議提交數據到服務器,實現如下面表單提交功能:
   *  <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.1.101:8083/upload/servlet/UploadServlet" enctype="multipart/form-data">
      <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name">
      <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id">
      <input type="file" name="imagefile"/>
      <input type="file" name="zip"/>
     </FORM>
   * @param path 上傳路徑(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1這樣的路徑測試，因為它會指向手機模擬器，你可以使用http://www.iteye.cn或http://192.168.1.101:8083這樣的路徑測試)
   * @param params 請求參數 key為參數名,value為參數值
   * @param file 上傳文件
   */
  public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception{   
    final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; //數據分隔線
    final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n";//數據結束標志
    
    int fileDataLength = 0;
    for(FormFile uploadFile : files){//得到文件類型數據的總長度
      StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder();
       fileExplain.append("--");
       fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);
       fileExplain.append("\r\n");
       fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");
       fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
       fileExplain.append("\r\n");
       fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();
      if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
        fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();
       }else{
         fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;
       }
    }
    StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder();
    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {//構造文本類型參數的實體數據
      textEntity.append("--");
      textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
      textEntity.append("\r\n");
      textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""+ entry.getKey() + "\"\r\n\r\n");
      textEntity.append(entry.getValue());
      textEntity.append("\r\n");
    }
    //計算傳輸給服務器的實體數據總長度
    int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength + endline.getBytes().length;
    
    URL url = new URL(path);
    int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort();
    Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);      
    OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();
    //下面完成HTTP請求頭的發送
    String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1\r\n";
    outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());
    String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*\r\n";
    outStream.write(accept.getBytes());
    String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN\r\n";
    outStream.write(language.getBytes());
    String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "\r\n";
    outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());
    String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "\r\n";
    outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());
    String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n";
    outStream.write(alive.getBytes());
    String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"\r\n";
    outStream.write(host.getBytes());
    //寫完HTTP請求頭後根據HTTP協議再寫一個回車換行
    outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
    //把所有文本類型的實體數據發送出來
    outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());      
    //把所有文件類型的實體數據發送出來
    for(FormFile uploadFile : files){
      StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder();
       fileEntity.append("--");
       fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
       fileEntity.append("\r\n");
       fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");
       fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
       outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());
       if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
         byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
         int len = 0;
         while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1){
           outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
         }
         uploadFile.getInStream().close();
       }else{
         outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length);
       }
       outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
    }
    //下面發送數據結束標志，表示數據已經結束
    outStream.write(endline.getBytes());
    
    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
    if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){//讀取web服務器返回的數據，判斷請求碼是否為200，如果不是200，代表請求失敗
      return false;
    }
    outStream.flush();
    outStream.close();
    reader.close();
    socket.close();
    return true;
  }
  
  /**
   * 提交數據到服務器
   * @param path 上傳路徑(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1這樣的路徑測試，因為它會指向手機模擬器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080這樣的路徑測試)
   * @param params 請求參數 key為參數名,value為參數值
   * @param file 上傳文件
   */
  public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception{
    return post(path, params, new FormFile[]{file});
  }
}

4)、新建MainActivity類，實現每隔5秒上傳一次

package com.ljq.activity;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.util.Log;

import com.ljq.utils.FormFile;
import com.ljq.utils.SocketHttpRequester;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
  private File file;
  private Handler handler;
  private static final String TAG="MainActivity";

  @Override
  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.main);
    Log.i(TAG, "onCreate");
    
    file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "123.rmvb");
    Log.i(TAG, "照片文件是否存在："+file);
    handler=new Handler();
    handler.post(runnable);
  }
  
  Runnable runnable=new Runnable() {
  
    public void run() {
      Log.i(TAG, "runnable run");
      uploadFile(file);
      handler.postDelayed(runnable, 5000);
    }
  
  };
  
  /**
   * 上傳圖片到服務器
   * 
   * @param imageFile 包含路徑
   */
  public void uploadFile(File imageFile) {
    Log.i(TAG, "upload start");
    try {
      String requestUrl = "http://192.168.1.101:8083/upload/upload/execute.do";
      //請求普通信息
      Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
      params.put("username", "張三");
      params.put("pwd", "zhangsan");
      params.put("age", "21");
      params.put("fileName", imageFile.getName());
      //上傳文件
      FormFile formfile = new FormFile(imageFile.getName(), imageFile, "image", "application/octet-stream");
      
      SocketHttpRequester.post(requestUrl, params, formfile);
      Log.i(TAG, "upload success");
    } catch (Exception e) {
      Log.i(TAG, "upload error");
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    Log.i(TAG, "upload end");
  }
}

5)、修改清單文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   package="com.ljq.activity"
   android:versionCode="1"
   android:versionName="1.0">
  <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
    <activity android:name=".MainActivity"
         android:label="@string/app_name">
      <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
      </intent-filter>
    </activity>

  </application>
  <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="4" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> 

</manifest> 

啟動模擬器，運行如下：

二、服務器端用來獲取Android端上傳過來的文件信息

1)、新建一個web項目命名為upload，目錄結構如下

注意：記得加入struts2 jar包，需加入的jar如下

2)、新建action類，命名為UploadAction，內容如下

package com.ljq.action;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

/**
 * 獲取Android端上傳過來的信息
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class UploadAction extends ActionSupport {
  // 上傳文件域
  private File image;
  // 上傳文件類型
  private String imageContentType;
  // 封裝上傳文件名
  private String imageFileName;
  // 接受依賴注入的屬性
  private String savePath;

  @Override
  public String execute() {
    HttpServletRequest request=ServletActionContext.getRequest();
    FileOutputStream fos = null;
    FileInputStream fis = null;
    try {
      System.out.println("獲取Android端傳過來的普通信息：");
      System.out.println("用戶名："+request.getParameter("username"));
      System.out.println("密碼："+request.getParameter("pwd"));
      System.out.println("年齡："+request.getParameter("age"));
      System.out.println("文件名："+request.getParameter("fileName"));
      System.out.println("獲取Android端傳過來的文件信息：");
      System.out.println("文件存放目錄: "+getSavePath());
      System.out.println("文件名稱: "+imageFileName);
      System.out.println("文件大小: "+image.length());
      System.out.println("文件類型: "+imageContentType);
      
      fos = new FileOutputStream(getSavePath() + "/" + getImageFileName());
      fis = new FileInputStream(getImage());
      byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
      int len = 0;
      while ((len = fis.read(buffer)) != -1) {
        fos.write(buffer, 0, len);
      }
      System.out.println("文件上傳成功");
    } catch (Exception e) {
      System.out.println("文件上傳失敗");
      e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
      close(fos, fis);
    }
    return SUCCESS;
  }

  /**
   * 文件存放目錄
   * 
   * @return
   */
  public String getSavePath() throws Exception{
    return ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath(savePath); 
  }

  public void setSavePath(String savePath) {
    this.savePath = savePath;
  }

  public File getImage() {
    return image;
  }

  public void setImage(File image) {
    this.image = image;
  }

  public String getImageContentType() {
    return imageContentType;
  }

  public void setImageContentType(String imageContentType) {
    this.imageContentType = imageContentType;
  }

  public String getImageFileName() {
    return imageFileName;
  }

  public void setImageFileName(String imageFileName) {
    this.imageFileName = imageFileName;
  }

  private void close(FileOutputStream fos, FileInputStream fis) {
    if (fis != null) {
      try {
        fis.close();
        fis=null;
      } catch (IOException e) {
        System.out.println("FileInputStream關閉失敗");
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
    if (fos != null) {
      try {
        fos.close();
        fis=null;
      } catch (IOException e) {
        System.out.println("FileOutputStream關閉失敗");
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
  }

}

3)、配置struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
  "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
  "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>
  <!-- 該屬性指定需要Struts2處理的請求後綴，該屬性的默認值是action，即所有匹配*.action的請求都由Struts2處理。
    如果用戶需要指定多個請求後綴，則多個後綴之間以英文逗號（,）隔開。 -->
  <constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do"/>
  <!-- 設置浏覽器是否緩存靜態內容,默認值為true(生產環境下使用),開發階段最好關閉 -->
  <constant name="struts.serve.static.browserCache" value="false"/>
  <!-- 當struts的配置文件修改後,系統是否自動重新加載該文件,默認值為false(生產環境下使用),開發階段最好打開 -->
  <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true"/>
  <!-- 開發模式下使用,這樣可以打印出更詳細的錯誤信息 -->
  <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"/>
  <!-- 默認的視圖主題 -->
  <constant name="struts.ui.theme" value="simple"/>
  <!--<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />-->
  <!--解決亂碼  -->
  <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8"/>
  <!-- 指定允許上傳的文件最大字節數。默認值是2097152(2M) -->
  <constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="22097152"/>
  <!-- 設置上傳文件的臨時文件夾,默認使用javax.servlet.context.tempdir -->
  <constant name="struts.multipart.saveDir " value="d:/tmp"/>
  
  <package name="upload" namespace="/upload" extends="struts-default">
    <action name="execute" class="com.ljq.action.UploadAction">
      <!-- 動態設置savePath的屬性值 -->
      <param name="savePath">/image</param>
      <result name="success">/WEB-INF/page/message.jsp</result>
    </action>
  </package>
</struts>

4)、配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
  http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

  <filter>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <filter-class>
      org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
    </filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  
  <filter>
    <filter-name>strutsCleanup</filter-name>
    <filter-class>
      org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ActionContextCleanUp
    </filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>strutsCleanup</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

運行結構如下：

獲取Android端傳過來的普通信息：
用戶名：張三
密碼：zhangsan
年齡：21
文件名：123.rmvb
獲取Android端傳過來的文件信息：
文件存放目錄: D:\apache-tomcat-6.0.18\webapps\upload\image
文件名稱: 123.rmvb
文件大小: 3962649
文件類型: application/octet-stream
文件上傳成功

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