Android之使用Bundle進行IPC詳解

一、Bundle進行IPC介紹

四大組件中的三大組件（Activity、Service、Receiver）都是支持在Intent中傳遞Bundle數據的，由於Bundle實現了Parcelable接口，所以它可以方便地在不同的進程之間傳輸。當然，傳輸的數據必須能夠被序列化，比如基本類型、實現了Parcelable接口的對象、實現了Serializable接口的對象以及一些Android支持的特殊對象，具體內容可以看Bundle這個類，就可以看到所有它支持的類型。Bundle不支持的類型無法通過它在進程間傳遞數據。

二、使用方法

1.打包數據發送

Intent intent1 = new Intent(MainActivity.this, ThirdActivity.class);
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putCharSequence("name", "zhangmiao");
bundle.putInt("age", 20);
intent1.putExtras(bundle);
startActivity(intent1); 

2.接受數據

Intent intent = getIntent();
Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
String name = bundle.getString("name");
int age = bundle.getInt("age"); 

3.在AndroidManifest.xml中開啟多進程

<activity
  ...
  android:process=":remote" /> 

三、小案例

1.修改activity_main.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
  xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
  tools:context="com.zhangmiao.ipcdemo.MainActivity"
  android:orientation="vertical"
  >
  <TextView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
    android:text="Bundler">
  </TextView>

  <Button
    android:id="@+id/bundler_button"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="send message">
  </Button>

</LinearLayout> 

2.添加activity_third.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  android:orientation="vertical">

  <TextView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
    android:text="at activity Third" />

  <TextView
    android:id="@+id/textView1"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="Activity Third" />

</LinearLayout> 

3.添加ThirdActivity類

package com.zhangmiao.ipcdemo;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;

/**
 * Created by zhangmiao on 2016/12/27.
 */
public class ThirdActivity extends Activity {

  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_third);
    Intent intent = getIntent();
    Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
    String name = bundle.getString("name");
    int age = bundle.getInt("age");
    TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
    textView.setText("name:" + name + ",age:" + age);
  }
} 

4.修改MainActivity類

package com.zhangmiao.ipcdemo;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.Messenger;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;


import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

  private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";

  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bundler_button);
    button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
      @Override
      public void onClick(View v) {
        Intent intent1 = new Intent(MainActivity.this, ThirdActivity.class);
        Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
        bundle.putCharSequence("name", "zhangmiao");
        bundle.putInt("age", 20);
        intent1.putExtras(bundle);
        startActivity(intent1);
      }
    });
  }
} 

5.修改AndroidManifest.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  package="com.zhangmiao.ipcdemo">

  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

  <application
    android:allowBackup="true"
    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    android:supportsRtl="true"
    android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
    <activity
      android:name=".MainActivity"
      android:label="@string/app_name"
      android:launchMode="standard"
      android:theme="@style/AppTheme.NoActionBar">
      <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
      </intent-filter>
    </activity>
    <activity
      android:name=".ThirdActivity"
      android:configChanges="screenLayout"
      android:label="@string/app_name"
      android:process=":remote" />
  </application>
</manifest> 

完整代碼下載地址：demo

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