Android Studio 串口jni開發

1. 開發環境

Mac OS X , Android Studio 2.1.2

 

2. 創建新工程

創建SerialPortDemo工程， Minimum SDK 選擇 API 19: Android 4.4。

 

3. 工程環境

ndk 路徑使用默認的, gradle version 2.10

 

4. 切換工程顯示方式

 

5.修改build.gradle

注意是與app目錄同級的build.gradle

修改classpath 對應的版本，請參考：https://sites.google.com/a/android.com/tools/tech-docs/new-build-system/gradle-experimental

gradle version 2.10 目前對應 "com.android.tools.build:gradle-experimental:0.7.0-alpha1"

 

06.修改app的build.gradle

注意：是app目錄下的build.gradle

新的gradle 參考：https://sites.google.com/a/android.com/tools/tech-docs/new-build-system/gradle-experimental

請注意紅框內的，否則會出現以下一些錯誤：

Error:Cause: org.gradle.api.internal.ExtensibleDynamicObject

Error:No signature of method: org.gradle.model.ModelMap.getDefaultProguardFile() is applicable for argument types: (java.lang.String) values: [proguard-android.txt]

 

 

07.創建jni目錄

 

SerialPort.h

 

#include 

#ifndef _Included_com_imlaidian_serialportdemo_serialapi_SerialPort
#define _Included_com_imlaidian_serialportdemo_serialapi_SerialPort

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

// 命名格式: java_包名_類目錄_類名_接口
JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_com_imlaidian_serialportdemo_serialapi_SerialPort_open
  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jstring, jint, jint);


JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_com_imlaidian_serialportdemo_serialapi_SerialPort_close
  (JNIEnv *, jobject);

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

#endif

SerialPort.c

 

 

/*
 * Copyright 2009-2011 Cedric Priscal
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */


#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

#include "termios.h"
#include "SerialPort.h"

#include "android/log.h"
static const char *TAG="serial_port";
#define LOGI(fmt, args...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO,  TAG, fmt, ##args)
#define LOGD(fmt, args...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG, TAG, fmt, ##args)
#define LOGE(fmt, args...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR, TAG, fmt, ##args)

static speed_t getBaudrate(jint baudrate)
{
	switch(baudrate) {
	case 0: return B0;
	case 50: return B50;
	case 75: return B75;
	case 110: return B110;
	case 134: return B134;
	case 150: return B150;
	case 200: return B200;
	case 300: return B300;
	case 600: return B600;
	case 1200: return B1200;
	case 1800: return B1800;
	case 2400: return B2400;
	case 4800: return B4800;
	case 9600: return B9600;
	case 19200: return B19200;
	case 38400: return B38400;
	case 57600: return B57600;
	case 115200: return B115200;
	case 230400: return B230400;
	case 460800: return B460800;
	case 500000: return B500000;
	case 576000: return B576000;
	case 921600: return B921600;
	case 1000000: return B1000000;
	case 1152000: return B1152000;
	case 1500000: return B1500000;
	case 2000000: return B2000000;
	case 2500000: return B2500000;
	case 3000000: return B3000000;
	case 3500000: return B3500000;
	case 4000000: return B4000000;
	default: return -1;
	}
}

/*
 * Class:     android_serialport_SerialPort
 * Method:    open
 * Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;II)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;
 */
JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_com_imlaidian_serialdemo_SerialPort_SerialPort_open
  (JNIEnv *env, jclass thiz, jstring path, jint baudrate, jint flags)
{
	int fd;
	speed_t speed;
	jobject mFileDescriptor;

	/* Check arguments */
	{
		speed = getBaudrate(baudrate);
		if (speed == -1) {
			/* TODO: throw an exception */
			LOGE("Invalid baudrate");
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	/* Opening device */
	{
		jboolean iscopy;
		const char *path_utf = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, path, &iscopy);
		LOGD("Opening serial port %s with flags 0x%x", path_utf, O_RDWR | flags);
		fd = open(path_utf, O_RDWR | flags);
		LOGD("open() fd = %d", fd);
		(*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, path, path_utf);
		if (fd == -1)
		{
			/* Throw an exception */
			LOGE("Cannot open port");
			/* TODO: throw an exception */
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	/* Configure device */
	{
		struct termios cfg;
		LOGD("Configuring serial port");
		if (tcgetattr(fd, &cfg))
		{
			LOGE("tcgetattr() failed");
			close(fd);
			/* TODO: throw an exception */
			return NULL;
		}

		cfmakeraw(&cfg);
		cfsetispeed(&cfg, speed);
		cfsetospeed(&cfg, speed);

		if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &cfg))
		{
			LOGE("tcsetattr() failed");
			close(fd);
			/* TODO: throw an exception */
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	/* Create a corresponding file descriptor */
	{
		jclass cFileDescriptor = (*env)->FindClass(env, "java/io/FileDescriptor");
		jmethodID iFileDescriptor = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, cFileDescriptor, "", "()V");
		jfieldID descriptorID = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cFileDescriptor, "descriptor", "I");
		mFileDescriptor = (*env)->NewObject(env, cFileDescriptor, iFileDescriptor);
		(*env)->SetIntField(env, mFileDescriptor, descriptorID, (jint)fd);
	}

	return mFileDescriptor;
}

/*
 * Class:     cedric_serial_SerialPort
 * Method:    close
 * Signature: ()V
 */
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_com_imlaidian_serialdemo_SerialPort_SerialPort_close
  (JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz)
{
	jclass SerialPortClass = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, thiz);
	jclass FileDescriptorClass = (*env)->FindClass(env, "java/io/FileDescriptor");

	jfieldID mFdID = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, SerialPortClass, "mFd", "Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;");
	jfieldID descriptorID = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, FileDescriptorClass, "descriptor", "I");

	jobject mFd = (*env)->GetObjectField(env, thiz, mFdID);
	jint descriptor = (*env)->GetIntField(env, mFd, descriptorID);

	LOGD("close(fd = %d)", descriptor);
	close(descriptor);
}

 

 

由於api 19 之後的 termios.h 裡面的函數有調整，因此調試過程中，出現

java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: dlopen failed: cannot locate symbol "tcgetattr" referenced by "libserialport.so"...

解決方法：

將api 19 的 termios.h 拷貝到 jni 目錄下

termios.h

 

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 *    distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
 * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
 * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
 * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
 * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
#ifndef _TERMIOS_H_
#define _TERMIOS_H_

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

__BEGIN_DECLS

/* Redefine these to match their ioctl number */
#undef  TCSANOW
#define TCSANOW    TCSETS

#undef  TCSADRAIN
#define TCSADRAIN  TCSETSW

#undef  TCSAFLUSH
#define TCSAFLUSH  TCSETSF

static __inline__ int tcgetattr(int fd, struct termios *s)
{
    return ioctl(fd, TCGETS, s);
}

static __inline__ int tcsetattr(int fd, int __opt, const struct termios *s)
{
    return ioctl(fd, __opt, (void *)s);
}

static __inline__ int tcflow(int fd, int action)
{
    return ioctl(fd, TCXONC, (void *)(intptr_t)action);
}

static __inline__ int tcflush(int fd, int __queue)
{
    return ioctl(fd, TCFLSH, (void *)(intptr_t)__queue);
}

static __inline__ pid_t tcgetsid(int fd)
{
    pid_t _pid;
    return ioctl(fd, TIOCGSID, &_pid) ? (pid_t)-1 : _pid;
}

static __inline__ int tcsendbreak(int fd, int __duration)
{
    return ioctl(fd, TCSBRKP, (void *)(uintptr_t)__duration);
}

static __inline__ speed_t cfgetospeed(const struct termios *s)
{
    return (speed_t)(s->c_cflag & CBAUD);
}

static __inline__ int cfsetospeed(struct termios *s, speed_t  speed)
{
    s->c_cflag = (s->c_cflag & ~CBAUD) | (speed & CBAUD);
    return 0;
}

static __inline__ speed_t cfgetispeed(const struct termios *s)
{
    return (speed_t)(s->c_cflag & CBAUD);
}

static __inline__ int cfsetispeed(struct termios *s, speed_t  speed)
{
    s->c_cflag = (s->c_cflag & ~CBAUD) | (speed & CBAUD);
    return 0;
}

static __inline__ void cfmakeraw(struct termios *s)
{
    s->c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK|BRKINT|PARMRK|ISTRIP|INLCR|IGNCR|ICRNL|IXON);
    s->c_oflag &= ~OPOST;
    s->c_lflag &= ~(ECHO|ECHONL|ICANON|ISIG|IEXTEN);
    s->c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE|PARENB);
    s->c_cflag |= CS8;
}

__END_DECLS

#endif /* _TERMIOS_H_ */

此處參考：

 

http://jp1017.github.io/2016/06/30/jni-開發錯誤之-java-lang-UnsatisfiedLinkError-dlopen-failed-cannot-locate-symbol-tcgetattr-referenced-by-libserial-port-so/

http://www.eoeandroid.com/thread-914514-1-1.html

 

 

08.創建串口native接口類

 

SerialPort.java

 

/*
 * Copyright 2009 Cedric Priscal
 * 
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License. 
 */

package com.imlaidian.serialportdemo.serialapi;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;

import android.util.Log;

public class SerialPort {

	private static final String TAG = "SerialPort";

	/*
	 * Do not remove or rename the field mFd: it is used by native method close();
	 */
	private FileDescriptor mFd;
	private FileInputStream mFileInputStream;
	private FileOutputStream mFileOutputStream;

	public SerialPort(File device, int baudrate, int flags) throws SecurityException, IOException {

		/* Check access permission */
		if (!device.canRead() || !device.canWrite()) {
			try {
				/* Missing read/write permission, trying to chmod the file */
				Process su;
				su = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("/system/bin/su");
				String cmd = "chmod 666 " + device.getAbsolutePath() + "\n"
						+ "exit\n";
				su.getOutputStream().write(cmd.getBytes());
				if ((su.waitFor() != 0) || !device.canRead()
						|| !device.canWrite()) {
					throw new SecurityException();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				throw new SecurityException();
			}
		}

		mFd = open(device.getAbsolutePath(), baudrate, 8, 1,'n');
		if (mFd == null) {
			Log.e(TAG, "native open returns null");
			throw new IOException();
		}
		mFileInputStream = new FileInputStream(mFd);
		mFileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(mFd);
	}

	// Getters and setters
	public InputStream getInputStream() {
		return mFileInputStream;
	}

	public OutputStream getOutputStream() {
		return mFileOutputStream;
	}

	// JNI
	private native static FileDescriptor open(String path, int baudrate, int databits,int stopbits,char parity);
	public native void close();
	static {
		System.loadLibrary("serialport"); // 調用jni生成的庫
	}
}

 

SerialPortFinder.java

 

/*
 * Copyright 2009 Cedric Priscal
 * 
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License. 
 */

package com.imlaidian.serialportdemo.serialapi;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.LineNumberReader;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Vector;

import android.util.Log;

public class SerialPortFinder {

	public class Driver {
		public Driver(String name, String root) {
			mDriverName = name;
			mDeviceRoot = root;
		}
		private String mDriverName;
		private String mDeviceRoot;
		Vector mDevices = null;
		public Vector getDevices() {
			if (mDevices == null) {
				mDevices = new Vector();
				File dev = new File("/dev");
				File[] files = dev.listFiles();
				int i;
				for (i=0; i mDrivers = null;

	Vector getDrivers() throws IOException {
		if (mDrivers == null) {
			mDrivers = new Vector();
			LineNumberReader r = new LineNumberReader(new FileReader("/proc/tty/drivers"));
			String l;
			while((l = r.readLine()) != null) {
				// Issue 3:
				// Since driver name may contain spaces, we do not extract driver name with split()
				String drivername = l.substring(0, 0x15).trim();
				String[] w = l.split(" +");
				if ((w.length >= 5) && (w[w.length-1].equals("serial"))) {
					Log.d(TAG, "Found new driver " + drivername + " on " + w[w.length-4]);
					mDrivers.add(new Driver(drivername, w[w.length-4]));
				}
			}
			r.close();
		}
		return mDrivers;
	}

	public String[] getAllDevices() {
		Vector devices = new Vector();
		// Parse each driver
		Iterator itdriv;
		try {
			itdriv = getDrivers().iterator();
			while(itdriv.hasNext()) {
				Driver driver = itdriv.next();
				Iterator itdev = driver.getDevices().iterator();
				while(itdev.hasNext()) {
					String device = itdev.next().getName();
					String value = String.format("%s (%s)", device, driver.getName());
					devices.add(value);
				}
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return devices.toArray(new String[devices.size()]);
	}

	public String[] getAllDevicesPath() {
		Vector devices = new Vector();
		// Parse each driver
		Iterator itdriv;
		try {
			itdriv = getDrivers().iterator();
			while(itdriv.hasNext()) {
				Driver driver = itdriv.next();
				Iterator itdev = driver.getDevices().iterator();
				while(itdev.hasNext()) {
					String device = itdev.next().getAbsolutePath();
					devices.add(device);
				}
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return devices.toArray(new String[devices.size()]);
	}
}

最終目錄結構如下

 

 

09.gradle sync同步

 

 

10. 生成.so 路徑