編輯:關於Android編程
1、通過startservice方法啟動一個服務,service不能自己啟動自己。若在一個服務中啟動一個activity則,必須是申明一個全新的activity任務TASK。通過startservice方法啟動的服務不會隨著啟動組件的消亡而消亡,而是一直運行著。
Service生命周期 onCreate()-------->onStartCommand()----------->onDestroy()
startService()啟動一個服務後,若在該服務做耗時操作且沒有寫線程,則會導致主線程阻塞!
服務啟動運行後會一直運行onStartCommand()方法。
2、用bindService啟動一個服務,該服務和activity是綁定在一起的:啟動時,先調用onCreate()------>onBind()--------->onServiceConnected(),啟動服務的組件消亡,服務也就消亡了。
3、AIDL服務調用方式
demo下載地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/u014600432/8175529
1)服務端代碼:
首先定義一個接口描述語言的接口:
package com.example.service;
interface DataService{
double getData(String arg);
}/**
*Version:
*author:YangQuanqing
*Data:
*/
package com.example.android_aidl_service;
import com.example.service.DataService;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
/**
* @author YangQuanqing yqq
*
*/
public class MyService extends Service {
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {
//返回binder由didl文件生成
return binder;
}
//定義給客戶端調用的方法 (aidl文件)
Binder binder=new DataService.Stub() {
@Override
public double getData(String arg) throws RemoteException {
if(arg=="a"){
return 1;
}
if(arg=="b"){
return 2;
}
return 0;
}
};
}
把aidl文件包拷貝到客戶端,客戶端代碼如下:
package com.example.android_aidl_client;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.example.service.DataService;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private Button btn1,btn2;
//定義一個AIDL實例
private DataService dataService;
private TextView tv;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btn1=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button1);
btn2=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button2);
tv=(TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.textView1);
//綁定服務
btn1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent=new Intent(DataService.class.getName());
//啟動服務
bindService(intent, conn, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
});
//調用服務的方法
btn2.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
try {
int result=(int) dataService.getData("a");
tv.setText(result+"");
} catch (RemoteException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
//客戶端與服務交互
private ServiceConnection conn=new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
}
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
//傳入service
dataService=DataService.Stub.asInterface(service);
}
};
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
}
訪問界面代碼:
package com.example.android_service_binder;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.example.android_service_binder.MyService.LocalBinder;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
//銷毀綁定
@Override
protected void onStop() {
super.onStop();
if(flag)
{
//解除綁定
unbindService(serviceConnection);
flag=false;
}
}
//綁定Service
@Override
protected void onStart() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onStart();
/*Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,MyService.class);
//啟動service
bindService(intent, serviceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);*/
}
private Button btnBinder=null;
private Button btnCall=null;
private TextView tv=null;
private MyService myService;//service實例
private boolean flag=false;//默認不綁定
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btnBinder=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button1);
btnCall=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button2);
tv=(TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.textView1);
btnBinder.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,MyService.class);
//啟動service
bindService(intent, serviceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
});
//調用service方法
btnCall.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//處於綁定狀態
if(flag)
{
int result=myService.getRandom();
tv.setText("<<<<<"+result);
}
}
});
}
private ServiceConnection serviceConnection= new ServiceConnection(){
//連接
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName arg0, IBinder iBinder) {
//獲得服務的The IBinder of the Service's communication channel, which you can now make calls on.
LocalBinder binder=(LocalBinder) iBinder;
//獲得服務
myService=binder.getService();
flag=true;
}
//不連接
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName arg0) {
flag=false;
}
};
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
}
/**
*Version:
*author:YangQuanqing
*Data:
*/
package com.example.android_service_binder;
import java.util.Random;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
/**
* @author YangQuanqing yqq
*
*/
public class MyService extends Service {
private final LocalBinder lb=new LocalBinder();
private final Random num=new Random();
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {
// 返回本地Binder的子類實例
return lb;
}
//定義一個本地Binder類繼承Binder
public class LocalBinder extends Binder{
//獲得Servie子類當前實例給客戶端
public MyService getService(){
return MyService.this;
}
}
public int getRandom(){
return num.nextInt(98);
}
}
demo下載地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/u014600432/8175633
5、IntentService
本質是開啟一個線程來完成耗時操作。
IntentService生命周期:
onCreate()------->onStartCommand()--------->onHandleIntent()--------->onDestroy()
/**
*Version:
*author:YangQuanqing
*Data:
*/
package com.example.android_intentservice;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import android.app.IntentService;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.widget.Toast;
/**
* @author YangQuanqing 不需要開啟線程(看源碼知道是自己封裝了開啟線程),不需要關閉服務,自己關閉,單線程下載數據
*
* 一定要記得實例化!!!
*/
public class DownLoadService extends IntentService {
@Override
public void onCreate() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate();
}
public DownLoadService() {
super("DownLoadService");
}
// 只需復寫如下方法
// 在該方法中執行操作
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
// 獲得提取網絡資源的實例
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
// 設置請求方式
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(intent.getStringExtra("url"));
// 設置存儲路徑
File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),
"IntentService.gif");
// 定義輸出流用於寫
FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
byte[] data = null;// 網絡數據
try {
// 執行請求獲得響應
HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
// 判斷響應狀態碼
if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
// 獲得響應實體
HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
// 獲得網絡數據
data = EntityUtils.toByteArray(httpEntity);
// 判斷SD卡是否可用
if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(
Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
// 寫入SD卡
fileOutputStream=new FileOutputStream(file);
fileOutputStream.write(data, 0, data.length);
//Toast.makeText( DownLoadService.this,"下載完成", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
Toast.makeText( getApplicationContext(),"下載完成", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (fileOutputStream != null) {
try {
fileOutputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
package com.example.android_intentservice;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private Button btn_intent=null;
private String url="http://www.baidu.com/img/bdlogo.gif";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btn_intent=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button1);
btn_intent.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,DownLoadService.class);
intent.putExtra("url", url);
startService(intent);
}
});
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
}
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