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Android 最火的快速開發框架AndroidAnnotations使用詳解

編輯：關於Android編程

Android 最火的快速開發框架androidannotations配置詳解文章中有eclipse配置步驟，Android 最火快速開發框架AndroidAnnotations簡介文章中的簡單介紹，本篇注重講解AndroidAnnotations中注解方法的使用。

@EActivity

示例：

@EActivity(R.layout.main)
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

}

@fragment

示例：

@EFragment(R.layout.my_fragment_layout)
public class MyFragment extends Fragment {
}

注冊：

創建：

MyFragment fragment = new MyFragment_();

普通類：

@EBean
public class MyClass {

}

注意：這個類必須僅僅只能有一個構造函數，參數最多有一個context。

Activity中使用：

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

  @Bean
  MyOtherClass myOtherClass;

}

也可以用來聲明接口：

@Bean(MyImplementation.class)
    MyInterface myInterface;

在普通類中還可以注入根環境:

@EBean
public class MyClass {

  @RootContext
  Context context;

  // Only injected if the root context is an activity
  @RootContext
  Activity activity;

  // Only injected if the root context is a service
  @RootContext
  Service service;

  // Only injected if the root context is an instance of MyActivity
  @RootContext
  MyActivity myActivity;

}

如果想在類創建時期做一些操作可以：

@AfterInject
  public void doSomethingAfterInjection() {
    // notificationManager and dependency are set
  }

單例類需要如下聲明：

@EBean(scope = Scope.Singleton)
public class MySingleton {

}

注意：在單例類裡面不可以注入view和事件綁定，因為單例的生命周期比Activity和Service的要長，以免發生內存溢出。

@EView

@EView
public class CustomButton extends Button {

        @App
        MyApplication application;

        @StringRes
        String someStringResource;

    public CustomButton(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }
}

注冊：

創建：

CustomButton button = CustomButton_.build(context);

@EViewGroup

@EViewGroup(R.layout.title_with_subtitle)
public class TitleWithSubtitle extends RelativeLayout {

    @ViewById
    protected TextView title, subtitle;

    public TitleWithSubtitle(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    public void setTexts(String titleText, String subTitleText) {
        title.setText(titleText);
        subtitle.setText(subTitleText);
    }

}

注冊：

@EApplication

@EApplication
public class MyApplication extends Application {

}

Activity中使用：

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

  @App
  MyApplication application;

}

@EService

@EService
public class MyService extends Service {

}

跳轉service：

MyService_.intent(getApplication()).start();

停止service：

MyService_.intent(getApplication()).stop();

@EReceiver

@EReceiver
public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

}

@Receiver 可以替代聲明BroadcastReceiver

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

  @Receiver(actions = "org.androidannotations.ACTION_1")
  protected void onAction1() {

  }

}

@EProvider

@EProvider
public class MyContentProvider extends ContentProvider {

}

@ViewById

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

  // Injects R.id.myEditText，變量名稱必須和布局的id名稱一致
  @ViewById
  EditText myEditText;

  @ViewById(R.id.myTextView)
  TextView textView;
}

@AfterViews

@EActivity(R.layout.main)
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

    @ViewById
    TextView myTextView;

    @AfterViews
    void updateTextWithDate() {//一定要在這裡進行view的一些設置，不要在oncreate()中設置，因為oncreate()在執行時 view還沒有注入
        myTextView.setText("Date: " + new Date());    }[...]

@StringRes

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

  @StringRes(R.string.hello)
  String myHelloString;//不能設置成私有變量

  @StringRes
  String hello;

}

@ColorRes

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

  @ColorRes(R.color.backgroundColor)
  int someColor;

  @ColorRes
  int backgroundColor;

}

@AnimationRes

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

  @AnimationRes(R.anim.fadein)
  XmlResourceParser xmlResAnim;

  @AnimationRes
  Animation fadein;

}

@DimensionRes

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

  @DimensionRes(R.dimen.fontsize)
  float fontSizeDimension;

  @DimensionRes
  float fontsize;

}

@DImensionPixelOffsetRes

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

  @DimensionPixelOffsetRes(R.string.fontsize)
  int fontSizeDimension;

  @DimensionPixelOffsetRes
  int fontsize;

}

@DimensionPixelSizeRes

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

  @DimensionPixelSizeRes(R.string.fontsize)
  int fontSizeDimension;

  @DimensionPixelSizeRes
  int fontsize;

}

其他的Res：

@BooleanRes
@ColorStateListRes
@DrawableRes
@IntArrayRes
@IntegerRes
@LayoutRes
@MovieRes
@TextRes
@TextArrayRes

@StringArrayRes
@Extra

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

  @Extra("myStringExtra")
  String myMessage;

  @Extra("myDateExtra")
  Date myDateExtraWithDefaultValue = new Date();

}

或者：

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

  // The name of the extra will be "myMessage"，名字必須一致
  @Extra
  String myMessage;
}

傳值：

MyActivity_.intent().myMessage("hello").start() ;

@SystemService

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {//
  @SystemService
  NotificationManager notificationManager;

}

@HtmlRes

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

  // Injects R.string.hello_html
  @HtmlRes(R.string.hello_html)
  Spanned myHelloString;

  // Also injects R.string.hello_html
  @HtmlRes
  CharSequence helloHtml;

}

@FromHtml

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {//必須用在TextView

  @ViewById(R.id.my_text_view)
  @FromHtml(R.string.hello_html)
  TextView textView;

  // Injects R.string.hello_html into the R.id.hello_html view
  @ViewById
  @FromHtml
  TextView helloHtml;

}

@NonConfigurationInstance

public class MyActivity extends Activity {//等同於 Activity.onRetainNonConfigurationInstance()

  @NonConfigurationInstance
  Bitmap someBitmap;

  @NonConfigurationInstance
  @Bean
  MyBackgroundTask myBackgroundTask;

}

@HttpsClient

@HttpsClient
HttpClient httpsClient;

示例：

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

    @HttpsClient(trustStore=R.raw.cacerts,
        trustStorePwd="changeit", 
        hostnameVerif=true)
    HttpClient httpsClient;

    @AfterInject
    @Background
    public void securedRequest() {
        try {
            HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("https://www.verisign.com/");
            HttpResponse response = httpsClient.execute(httpget);
            doSomethingWithResponse(response);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @UiThread
    public void doSomethingWithResponse(HttpResponse resp) {
        Toast.makeText(this, "HTTP status " + resp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }
}

@FragmentArg

@EFragment
public class MyFragment extends Fragment {//等同於 Fragment Argument

  @FragmentArg("myStringArgument")
  String myMessage;

  @FragmentArg
  String anotherStringArgument;

  @FragmentArg("myDateExtra")
  Date myDateArgumentWithDefaultValue = new Date();

}

MyFragment myFragment = MyFragment_.builder()
  .myMessage("Hello")
  .anotherStringArgument("World")
  .build();

@Click

@Click(R.id.myButton)
void myButtonWasClicked() {
    [...]
}
@Click
void anotherButton() {//如果不指定則函數名和id對應
    [...]
}
@Click
void yetAnotherButton(View clickedView) {
    [...]
}

其他點擊事件：

Clicks with @Click
Long clicks with @LongClick

Touches with @Touch

AdapterViewEvents

Item clicks with @ItemClick
Long item clicks with @ItemLongClick

Item selection with @ItemSelect 有兩種方式調用： 1.

@EActivity(R.layout.my_list)
public class MyListActivity extends Activity {

    // ...

    @ItemClick
    public void myListItemClicked(MyItem clickedItem) {//MyItem是adapter的實體類，等同於adapter.getItem(position)

    }

    @ItemLongClick
    public void myListItemLongClicked(MyItem clickedItem) {

    }

    @ItemSelect
    public void myListItemSelected(boolean selected, MyItem selectedItem) {

    }

}

@EActivity(R.layout.my_list)
public class MyListActivity extends Activity {

    // ...

    @ItemClick
    public void myListItemClicked(int position) {//位置id

    }

    @ItemLongClick
    public void myListItemLongClicked(int position) {

    }

    @ItemSelect
    public void myListItemSelected(boolean selected, int position) {

    }

}

@SeekBarProgressChange

//等同於SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener.onProgressChanged(SeekBar, int, boolean)

@SeekBarProgressChange(R.id.seekBar)
 void onProgressChangeOnSeekBar(SeekBar seekBar, int progress, boolean fromUser) {
    // Something Here
 }

 @SeekBarProgressChange(R.id.seekBar)
 void onProgressChangeOnSeekBar(SeekBar seekBar, int progress) {
    // Something Here
 }

 @SeekBarProgressChange({R.id.seekBar1, R.id.seekBar2})
 void onProgressChangeOnSeekBar(SeekBar seekBar) {
    // Something Here
 }

 @SeekBarProgressChange({R.id.seekBar1, R.id.seekBar2})
 void onProgressChangeOnSeekBar() {
    // Something Here
 }@SeekBarTouchStart and @SeekBarTouchStop

@SeekBarTouchStart 和 @SeekBarTouchStop 接受開始和結束事件的監聽
@TextChange

@TextChange(R.id.helloTextView)
 void onTextChangesOnHelloTextView(CharSequence text, TextView hello, int before, int start, int count) {
    // Something Here
 }

 @TextChange
 void helloTextViewTextChanged(TextView hello) {
    // Something Here
 }

 @TextChange({R.id.editText, R.id.helloTextView})
 void onTextChangesOnSomeTextViews(TextView tv, CharSequence text) {
    // Something Here
 }

 @TextChange(R.id.helloTextView)
 void onTextChangesOnHelloTextView() {
    // Something Here
 }

@BeforeTextChange

@BeforeTextChange(R.id.helloTextView)
 void beforeTextChangedOnHelloTextView(TextView hello, CharSequence text, int start, int count, int after) {
    // Something Here
 }

 @BeforeTextChange
 void helloTextViewBeforeTextChanged(TextView hello) {
    // Something Here
 }

 @BeforeTextChange({R.id.editText, R.id.helloTextView})
 void beforeTextChangedOnSomeTextViews(TextView tv, CharSequence text) {
    // Something Here
 }

 @BeforeTextChange(R.id.helloTextView)
 void beforeTextChangedOnHelloTextView() {
    // Something Here
 }

@AfterTextChange

@AfterTextChange(R.id.helloTextView)
 void afterTextChangedOnHelloTextView(Editable text, TextView hello) {
    // Something Here
 }

 @AfterTextChange
 void helloTextViewAfterTextChanged(TextView hello) {
    // Something Here
 }

 @AfterTextChange({R.id.editText, R.id.helloTextView})
 void afterTextChangedOnSomeTextViews(TextView tv, Editable text) {
    // Something Here
 }

 @AfterTextChange(R.id.helloTextView)
 void afterTextChangedOnHelloTextView() {
    // Something Here
 }

@OptionsMenu和OptionsItem

@EActivity
@OptionsMenu(R.menu.my_menu)
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

    @OptionMenuItem
    MenuItem menuSearch;

    @OptionsItem(R.id.menuShare)
        void myMethod() {
          // You can specify the ID in the annotation, or use the naming convention
        }

    @OptionsItem
    void homeSelected() {
      // home was selected in the action bar
          // The "Selected" keyword is optional
    }

    @OptionsItem
    boolean menuSearch() {
          menuSearch.setVisible(false);
          // menuSearch was selected
          // the return type may be void or boolean (false to allow normal menu processing to proceed, true to consume it here)
          return true;
    }

    @OptionsItem({ R.id.menu_search, R.id.menu_delete })
    void multipleMenuItems() {
      // You can specify multiple menu item IDs in @OptionsItem
    }

    @OptionsItem
    void menu_add(MenuItem item) {
      // You can add a MenuItem parameter to access it
    }
}

或者：

@EActivity
@OptionsMenu({R.menu.my_menu1, R.menu.my_menu2})
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

}

@Background 執行：

void myMethod() {
    someBackgroundWork("hello", 42);
}

@Background
void someBackgroundWork(String aParam, long anotherParam) {
    [...]
}

取消：

void myMethod() {
    someCancellableBackground("hello", 42);
    [...]
    boolean mayInterruptIfRunning = true;
    BackgroundExecutor.cancelAll("cancellable_task", mayInterruptIfRunning);
}

@Background(id="cancellable_task")
void someCancellableBackground(String aParam, long anotherParam) {
    [...]
}

非並發執行：

void myMethod() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        someSequentialBackgroundMethod(i);
}

@Background(serial = "test")
void someSequentialBackgroundMethod(int i) {
    SystemClock.sleep(new Random().nextInt(2000)+1000);
    Log.d("AA", "value : " + i);
}

延遲：

@Background(delay=2000)
void doInBackgroundAfterTwoSeconds() {
}

@UiThread UI線程：

void myMethod() {
    doInUiThread("hello", 42);
}

@UiThread
void doInUiThread(String aParam, long anotherParam) {
    [...]
}

延遲：

@UiThread(delay=2000)
void doInUiThreadAfterTwoSeconds() {
}

優化UI線程：

@UiThread(propagation = Propagation.REUSE)
void runInSameThreadIfOnUiThread() {
}

進度值改變：

@EActivity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

  @Background
  void doSomeStuffInBackground() {
    publishProgress(0);
    // Do some stuff
    publishProgress(10);
    // Do some stuff
    publishProgress(100);
  }

  @UiThread
  void publishProgress(int progress) {
    // Update progress views
  }

}

@OnActivityResult

@OnActivityResult(REQUEST_CODE)
 void onResult(int resultCode, Intent data) {
 }

 @OnActivityResult(REQUEST_CODE)
 void onResult(int resultCode) {
 }

 @OnActivityResult(ANOTHER_REQUEST_CODE)
 void onResult(Intent data) {
 }

 @OnActivityResult(ANOTHER_REQUEST_CODE)
 void onResult() {
 }

以上的注釋用法基本包含了平常程序中的事件綁定，用AndroidAnnotations框架可以專注於做邏輯開發，最主要是簡化代碼編寫，容易維護。如有問題可以參考官方文檔https://github.com/excilys/androidannotations/wiki/Cookbook，或者留言。轉載務必注明出處。

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