編輯:關於Android編程
Android的窗口體系中,WindowManager占有非常重要的地位,它封裝了添加、移除、更新窗口的方法,它是Activity、View的更加底層的管理類,使用WindowManager的其中一個例子就是制作懸浮窗或懸浮球之類的懸浮組件,這種懸浮組件不依賴某個Activity,它可以在任何界面顯示(只要你願意)。
這篇文章將對如何使用懸浮球做簡單總結,即使在android6.0下(android6.0使用動態權限管理),它也可以正常工作。ButterKnife可以方便的獲取到xml中定義的view的實例,比findViewById方便多了,使用ButterKnife非常簡單,可以總結為3步吧:
compile 'com.jakewharton:butterknife:7.0.0'
@Bind(R.id.start) Button start; @Bind(R.id.stop) Button stop; @Bind(R.id.bind) Button bind; @Bind(R.id.unbind) Button unbind;
ButterKnife.bind(this);在onCreate中調用它就可以。通過這句調用,start,stop,bind,unbind幾個Button都被實例化了。
public class FlowWindowService extends Service {
private final String TAG = "FlowWindowService";
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.d(TAG,"onCreate");
}
@Nullable
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
Log.d(TAG,"onBind");
return null;
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
Log.d(TAG,"onStartCommand");
showFlowWindow();
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.d(TAG,"onDestroy");
}
public void showFlowWindow(){
Log.v(TAG,"showFlowWindow");
WindowManager windowManager = (WindowManager) getSystemService(WINDOW_SERVICE);
Button button = new Button(getApplicationContext());
button.setText("flow");
button.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);
button.setWidth(100);
button.setHeight(100);
WindowManager.LayoutParams params = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
params.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_PHONE;
params.format = PixelFormat.RGBA_8888;
params.gravity = Gravity.LEFT | Gravity.TOP;
params.flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL | WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE;
params.width = 100;
params.height = 100;
params.x = 300;
params.y = 300;
windowManager.addView(button, params);
}
}
MainActivity中使用ButterKnife實例化四個Button,並設置觸摸事件監聽器:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Bind(R.id.start) Button start;
@Bind(R.id.stop) Button stop;
@Bind(R.id.bind) Button bind;
@Bind(R.id.unbind) Button unbind;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
ButterKnife.bind(this);
start.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
startService(new Intent(MainActivity.this,FlowWindowService.class));
}
});
stop.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
stopService(new Intent(MainActivity.this,FlowWindowService.class));
}
});
bind.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
bindService(new Intent(MainActivity.this,FlowWindowService.class),connectionService, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
});
unbind.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
unbindService(connectionService);
}
});
}
ServiceConnection connectionService = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
}
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
}
};

懸浮窗出現。退出應用後它還在:
退出應用後懸浮窗還在是因為我們沒有在Service退出的時候移除懸浮窗,在Service的onDestroy中移除即可:
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.d(TAG,"onDestroy");
windowManager.removeView(button);
}
這意味著之前的代碼需要略作修改,button和windowManager都必須是類中定義的,而不是方法中定義的。
private static final int REQUEST_PERMISSION_CODE = 1;
private void requestCameraPermission() {
requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW}, REQUEST_PERMISSION_CAMERA_CODE);
}
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
if (requestCode == REQUEST_PERMISSION_CODE) {
int grantResult = grantResults[0];
boolean granted = grantResult == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
Log.i(TAG, "onRequestPermissionsResult granted=" + granted);
}
}
使用requestPermisson方法申請SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW權限,REQUEST_PERMISSON_CODE是一個整數,用來表示這次請求,它的值隨意。requestPermissions會導致onRequestPermissionsResult方法被回調,在這個方法中我們就可以知道我們是不是申請到了權限。最後,在MainActivity的onCreate方法中申請權限即可。
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
ButterKnife.bind(this);
requestPermission();
如果權限申請失敗,很有可能是應用程序的權限太低,嘗試一下用系統簽名文件給它簽名,然後就OK了。另外,在Android的模擬器上是可以直接申請權限成功的。
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
int count = 0;
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if((count++)%2==0){
button.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);
}else {
button.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);
}
}
});
Handler myHandler = new Handler();
Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
boolean direct = true;
@Override
public void run() {
Log.v(TAG,"params.x: "+params.x);
if(direct){
params.x+=10;
if(params.x>800){
direct = false;
}
}else {
params.x-=10;
if(params.x<100){
direct = true;
}
}
windowManager.updateViewLayout(button,params);
if(!button.isAttachedToWindow()){
Log.v(TAG,"not attach to window");
}else{
myHandler.postDelayed(this,50);
}
}
};
public void moveFlowButton(){
Log.v(TAG,"moveFlowButton");
myHandler.postDelayed(runnable,500);
}
Process: com.konka.flowwindowtest, PID: 19478
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: View=android.widget.Button{2553221 VFED..C.. ......I. 0,0-200,200} not attached to window manager
at android.view.WindowManagerGlobal.findViewLocked(WindowManagerGlobal.java:456)
at android.view.WindowManagerGlobal.updateViewLayout(WindowManagerGlobal.java:368)
at android.view.WindowManagerImpl.updateViewLayout(WindowManagerImpl.java:99)
at com.konka.flowwindowtest.FlowWindowService$1.run(FlowWindowService.java:89)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:751)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:154)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5969)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:801)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:691)
這個問題應該是Service已經銷毀了,但是button還想要更新位置造成的,所以應該在銷毀Service前先取消handler更新button的動畫。
首先定義一個線程退出標志:
Boolean destoryStatus = false;在onDestory中是它為true即可:
synchronized (this){
destoryStatus = true;
}
run方法如下:
Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
boolean direct = true;
@Override
public void run() {
if(!destoryStatus){
Log.v(TAG,"params.x: "+params.x);
if(direct){
params.x+=10;
if(params.x>800){
direct = false;
}
}else {
params.x-=10;
if(params.x<100){
direct = true;
}
}
windowManager.updateViewLayout(button,params);
myHandler.postDelayed(this,50);
}
}
};
這樣就不會有這個問題了。
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