Android 全局異常捕獲實例詳解

Android 全局異常捕獲

今天就來說說作為程序猿的我們每天都會遇到的東西bug,出bug不可怕可怕的是沒有出bug時的堆棧信息,那麼對於bug的信息收集就顯得尤為重要了,一般用第三方bugly或者友盟等等都能輕易收集,但是由於公司不讓使用第三方,而安卓正好有原生的異常收集類UncaughtExceptionHandler,那麼今天博客就從這個類開始.

UncaughtExceptionHandler見名知意,即他是處理我們未捕獲的異常,具體使用分兩步

1.實現我們自己的異常處理類

public class CrashHandler implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler {
  @Override
  public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {

  }
}

需要我們實現Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler接口當有未捕獲的異常的時候會回調uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex)方法

2.設置該CrashHandler為系統默認的

Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(crashHandler);

以上只是使用步驟的介紹,具體項目中的使用我直接貼代碼

在application中初始化

package com.zly.www.basedemo.base;

import android.app.Application;
import android.content.Context;
import com.zly.www.basedemo.exception.CrashHandler;

/**
 * Created by zly on 2016/6/11.
 */
public class AppApplication extends Application {


  private static Context mContext;

  @Override
  public void onCreate() {
    super.onCreate();
    this.mContext = this;
    CrashHandler.getInstance().init(this);//初始化全局異常管理
  }

  public static Context getContext(){
    return mContext;
  }
}

CrashHandler 實現類如下

package com.zly.www.basedemo.exception;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.zly.www.basedemo.utils.AppManager;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 全局異常捕獲
 * Created by zly on 2016/7/3.
 */
public class CrashHandler implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler {

  /**
   * 系統默認UncaughtExceptionHandler
   */
  private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler;

  /**
   * context
   */
  private Context mContext;

  /**
   * 存儲異常和參數信息
   */
  private Map<String,String> paramsMap = new HashMap<>();

  /**
   * 格式化時間
   */
  private SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss");

  private String TAG = this.getClass().getSimpleName();

  private static CrashHandler mInstance;

  private CrashHandler() {

  }

  /**
   * 獲取CrashHandler實例
   */
  public static synchronized CrashHandler getInstance(){
    if(null == mInstance){
      mInstance = new CrashHandler();
    }
    return mInstance;
  }

  public void init(Context context){
    mContext = context;
    mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();
    //設置該CrashHandler為系統默認的
    Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);
  }

  /**
   * uncaughtException 回調函數
   */
  @Override
  public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {
    if(!handleException(ex) && mDefaultHandler != null){//如果自己沒處理交給系統處理
      mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(thread,ex);
    }else{//自己處理
      try {//延遲3秒殺進程
        Thread.sleep(3000);
      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        Log.e(TAG, "error : ", e);
      }
      //退出程序
      AppManager.getAppManager().AppExit(mContext);
    }

  }

  /**
   * 收集錯誤信息.發送到服務器
   * @return 處理了該異常返回true,否則false
   */
  private boolean handleException(Throwable ex) {
    if (ex == null) {
      return false;
    }
    //收集設備參數信息
    collectDeviceInfo(mContext);
    //添加自定義信息
    addCustomInfo();
    //使用Toast來顯示異常信息
    new Thread() {
      @Override
      public void run() {
        Looper.prepare();
        Toast.makeText(mContext, "程序開小差了呢..", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        Looper.loop();
      }
    }.start();
    //保存日志文件
    saveCrashInfo2File(ex);
    return true;
  }


  /**
   * 收集設備參數信息
   * @param ctx
   */
  public void collectDeviceInfo(Context ctx) {
    //獲取versionName,versionCode
    try {
      PackageManager pm = ctx.getPackageManager();
      PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(ctx.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
      if (pi != null) {
        String versionName = pi.versionName == null ? "null" : pi.versionName;
        String versionCode = pi.versionCode + "";
        paramsMap.put("versionName", versionName);
        paramsMap.put("versionCode", versionCode);
      }
    } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
      Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect package info", e);
    }
    //獲取所有系統信息
    Field[] fields = Build.class.getDeclaredFields();
    for (Field field : fields) {
      try {
        field.setAccessible(true);
        paramsMap.put(field.getName(), field.get(null).toString());
      } catch (Exception e) {
        Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect crash info", e);
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * 添加自定義參數
   */
  private void addCustomInfo() {

  }

  /**
   * 保存錯誤信息到文件中
   *
   * @param ex
   * @return 返回文件名稱,便於將文件傳送到服務器
   */
  private String saveCrashInfo2File(Throwable ex) {

    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : paramsMap.entrySet()) {
      String key = entry.getKey();
      String value = entry.getValue();
      sb.append(key + "=" + value + "\n");
    }

    Writer writer = new StringWriter();
    PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer);
    ex.printStackTrace(printWriter);
    Throwable cause = ex.getCause();
    while (cause != null) {
      cause.printStackTrace(printWriter);
      cause = cause.getCause();
    }
    printWriter.close();
    String result = writer.toString();
    sb.append(result);
    try {
      long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
      String time = format.format(new Date());
      String fileName = "crash-" + time + "-" + timestamp + ".log";
      if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
        String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/crash/";
        File dir = new File(path);
        if (!dir.exists()) {
          dir.mkdirs();
        }
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path + fileName);
        fos.write(sb.toString().getBytes());
        fos.close();
      }
      return fileName;
    } catch (Exception e) {
      Log.e(TAG, "an error occured while writing file...", e);
    }
    return null;
  }
}

activity管理類

package com.zly.www.basedemo.utils;

import java.util.Stack;

import android.app.Activity; 
import android.app.ActivityManager; 
import android.content.Context;

/**
 * Activity管理類：用於管理Activity和退出程序
 * Created by zly on 2016/6/11.
 */
public class AppManager { 

  // Activity棧 
  private static Stack<Activity> activityStack; 
  // 單例模式 
  private static AppManager instance; 

  private AppManager() { 
  } 

  /** 
   * 單一實例 
   */ 
  public static AppManager getAppManager() { 
    if (instance == null) { 
      instance = new AppManager(); 
    } 
    return instance; 
  } 

  /** 
   * 添加Activity到堆棧 
   */ 
  public void addActivity(Activity activity) { 
    if (activityStack == null) { 
      activityStack = new Stack<Activity>(); 
    } 
    activityStack.add(activity); 
  } 

  /** 
   * 獲取當前Activity（堆棧中最後一個壓入的） 
   */ 
  public Activity currentActivity() { 
    Activity activity = activityStack.lastElement(); 
    return activity; 
  } 

  /** 
   * 結束當前Activity（堆棧中最後一個壓入的） 
   */ 
  public void finishActivity() { 
    Activity activity = activityStack.lastElement(); 
    finishActivity(activity); 
  } 

  /** 
   * 結束指定的Activity 
   */ 
  public void finishActivity(Activity activity) { 
    if (activity != null) { 
      activityStack.remove(activity); 
      activity.finish(); 
      activity = null; 
    } 
  } 

  /** 
   * 結束指定類名的Activity 
   */ 
  public void finishActivity(Class<?> cls) { 
    for (Activity activity : activityStack) { 
      if (activity.getClass().equals(cls)) { 
        finishActivity(activity);
        break;
      } 
    } 
  } 

  /** 
   * 結束所有Activity 
   */ 
  public void finishAllActivity() { 
    for (int i = 0; i < activityStack.size(); i++) { 
      if (null != activityStack.get(i)) { 
        activityStack.get(i).finish(); 
      } 
    } 
    activityStack.clear(); 
  } 

  /** 
   * 退出應用程序 
   */ 
  public void AppExit(Context context) { 
    try { 
      finishAllActivity(); 
      //退出程序
      android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
      System.exit(1); 
    } catch (Exception e) { 
    } 
  } 
} 

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